What are Cartilaginous Fish?

What are Cartilaginous Fish?

1. What makes cartilaginous fish different from other fish? Give examples.
Skeletons made of cartilage, an example is the heart and blood.

2. List examples of cartilaginous fish.
Skates, Chimaeras, rays, bull sharks, banjo shark.

3. What is special about the sharks eye?
They have muscles that cal roll the eye back into the socket for protection.

4. What are the differences between bony fish and cartilaginous fish:
a. Heart and Blood - Sharks have fewer red blood cells, Bony fish have a bone marrow for hemopoiesis.
b. External features - Shark skin is covered by dermal denticles. Bony fish are covered in flat scales.
c. Digesting and Evacuation - Bony fish have two seperate openings, a rectum and an anus. Sharks kidneys & genitals empty into only one opening called the cloaca.

More About Cartilaginous Fish

More About Cartilaginous Fish

1. Bony fish drink a lot of seawater to say hydrated and excrete the concentrated salts through the gills and gut. With cartilaginous fish, they are expected over the gills, within urine, and rectal gland.

2. Cartilaginous fish are slow reproducing, and bony fish are fast reproducers.

3. Some sharks grasp the females pectoral fins, or bite and hold onto the body. 

marine arthropods

1. What are examples of marine arthropods?
- The Northern Lobster, Spiny Lobster, Slipper Lobster, Female Rock crab, Spotted cleaner Shrimp , Acadian Hermit Crab.

2. Whats the difference between an arthropods Skeleton and a Human?
- Antropods shed form their Exoskeleton and onto a new one.

3. Compare/Contrast how antropods and huans move blood in their circulation system.
- Arthropods don't have arteries, veins, or capillaries to carry blood. They Pump blood through sinuses (open Spaces) within the animal.

4. How do the eyes of arthropods differ from your eyes?
- Arthropods have compound eyes & detect motion unlike humans that specilize detail.

5. How do humans use marine arthropods?
we Eat them .

marine science words of wisdom

Sand Tiger sharks are the only shark species known to eat one another in the womb. In a "Shark eat shark world" The larger and stronger of two unborn pups will actually eat its siblings before either are born. While this is bad for the "dinee" it provides nourishment for the dinner and eliminates competition for resources once they are born.

Life lesson from a sand shark: Take care of yourself be fierce and strong (But don't eat your brother)!

9 major animal phyla

Phylum Porifera - The Sponges
Phylum Coelenterata – The Coelenterates: jellyfish, hydras, corals
Phylum Platyhelminthes – The Flatworms: planaria, tapeworms
Phylum Nematoda – The Roundworms
Phylum Annelida – The Segmented Worms: earthworm, leech, sandworm
Phylum Arthropoda – The Arthropods: insects, spiders, crustaceans
Phylum Mollusca – The Mollusks: clams, snails, oysters, octopus
Phylum Echinodermata – The Echinoderms: sea stars, sea urchins
Phylum Chordata – The Chordates: fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, mammals



2. What Types of habitat can the species be found?
- Mainly Marine (Salt Water)

3. How Does The Species Digest food?
- Water passes through this animal and Floating food particles are caught once inside the Sponge.

4. Have You seen An Example of a species in a phyla? explain where and why was the situation
- yes snorkeling in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico

end of the line

Big question : Why should we humans be concerned about over fishing?

1. What are the "big five" fish we eat all the time ?
- COD, Haddock, Tuna Salmon &Prawns

2.What is a Reason for not eating sharks or other deep water fish?
-because they are lower stocking long living fish that have higher environmental standards

3. What are some "fish to eat" "fish to Eat Occasionally" and "Fish to Avoid"

FISH TO EAT;

Alaska or Walleye Pollock
Anchovy
Arctic char
Bream, Gilthead

Cockle
Cod, Atlantic
Coley or Saithe
Crab, Brown
Dab
Haddock
Hake
Halibut
Herring or Sild
Mussel
Pangasius
Pouting or Bib
Prawn (coldwater/northern)
Prawn (King and Tiger)
Salmon
Sardine or Pilchard
Scampi or Langoustine
Seabass
Shark & Dogfish (rock salmon)
Sole (Dover/Common)
Sole (Lemon)
Sturgeon, Caviar
Swordfish
Tilapia
Trout
Tuna (Albacore)
Tuna (Bigeye)
Tuna (Skipjack)
Tuna (Yellowfin)
Turbot

Fish to eat occasionally
 Alaska or Walleye Pollock
Anchovy
Bream, Gilthead
Brill
Cockle
Cod, Atlantic
Coley or Saithe
Dab
Flounder
Grey mullet
Gurnard
Haddock
Hake
Halibut
Herring or Sild
Mackerel
Marlin
Monkfish (Anglerfish)
Prawn (coldwater/northern)
Prawn (King and Tiger)
Red Mullet
Salmon
Sardine or Pilchard
Scampi or Langoustine
Seabass
Shark & Dogfish (rock salmon)
Skate and Rays
Sole (Dover/Common)
Sole (Lemon)
Swordfish

Tuna (Albacore)
Tuna (Bigeye)
Tuna (Skipjack)
Tuna (Yellowfin)
Turbot
Whiting

Fish To Avoid
Cod, Atlantic
Eel
Grey mullet
Haddock
Hake
Halibut
Herring or Sild
Marlin
Plaice
Prawn (King and Tiger)
Salmon
Sardine or Pilchard
Scampi or Langoustine
Seabass
Shark & Dogfish (rock salmon)
Skate and Rays
Sole (Dover/Common)

Energy Flows Through Ecosystem

1. How Does light and Nutrients affect productivity in the ocean?
- Producers use solar energy to produce organic plant materials through photosynthesis.

2. What factors affect the Ability of an ecosystem to support multiple trophic levels.
- Amount of energy ecosystem, energy loss between trophic levels, predators.

3. Describe the process bioaccumulation, and describe the DDT Example.
- Consequences of the loss of energy between trophic levels
- DDY caused eagles an other raptors to lay thin shells eggs. that would break in their nests.